When working in the textile industry, GSM (Grams per Square Meter) is a critical measurement that determines the weight and quality of a fabric. For fabrics like rayon, knowing the GSM helps in deciding its application—whether it’s for lightweight kurtis or heavier drapes.
What is GSM in Fabric?
GSM stands for Grams per Square Meter. It tells us the weight of the fabric in grams for a 1-meter x 1-meter square. Higher GSM generally means thicker or denser fabric.
Why GSM Matters in Rayon Fabric
Rayon is known for its soft texture, breathability, and drape. But GSM helps differentiate between:
- Lightweight Rayon (100–140 GSM) – Ideal for dresses, linings, scarves
- Medium Weight Rayon (150–200 GSM) – Used in kurtis, blouses, skirts
- Heavy Weight Rayon (200+ GSM) – Best for trousers, suits, and drapery
How to Calculate GSM of Rayon Fabric
✅ Method 1: Using GSM Cutter & Weighing Scale (Preferred for Accuracy)
Tools Required:
- GSM Cutter (Circular fabric cutter – area = 100 cm²)
- Precise weighing scale (in grams)
Steps:
- Cut a sample using the GSM cutter.
- Weigh the cut sample on the scale.
- Multiply the weight by 100 (since the cutter gives 1/100th of a square meter).
GSM cutter
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Formula:
GSM = Weight of sample (in grams) × 100
📌 Example: If the sample weighs 1.6 grams, then:
GSM = 1.6 × 100 = 160 GSM
Method 2: Manual Calculation (For Estimation)
If you don’t have a GSM cutter, use a measuring tape and scissors.
Steps:
- Cut a piece of fabric exactly 10 cm x 10 cm (i.e., 100 cm²).
- Weigh it in grams.
- Multiply the weight by 100.
Same formula applies:
GSM = Weight of 100 cm² sample × 100
Make sure the sample is flat, without wrinkles or moisture.
Conclusion
Calculating GSM of rayon fabric is a simple yet powerful way to ensure quality and consistency in your textile production or buying process. Whether you’re manufacturing kurtis, sarees, or home furnishings, knowing the GSM helps you choose the right fabric for the right purpose.